"""
split_bytes(n)
--------------
Splits a 32-bit unsigned integer into its four bytes.
Layout (little-endian order):
byte[0] = lowest 8 bits
byte[1] = next 8 bits
byte[2] = next 8 bits
byte[3] = highest 8 bits
Uses bitwise AND and shifts:
n & 0xFF → extract lowest byte
(n >> 8) & 0xFF → extract next byte
...
"""
def split_bytes(n: int) -> list[int]:
return [
n & 0xFF, # lowest byte
(n >> 8) & 0xFF,
(n >> 16) & 0xFF,
(n >> 24) & 0xFF # highest byte
]
"""
print_bits(label, value)
------------------------
Prints an 8-bit or 32-bit value in binary.
Uses Python's bin() and manual zero-padding.
"""
def print_bits(label: str, value: int, bits: int) -> None:
binary = bin(value)[2:] # strip "0b"
# Pad with leading zeros
if len(binary) < bits:
binary = "0" * (bits - len(binary)) + binary
print(f"{label} ({bits} bits): {binary}")
def main():
value = 3298312
bytes_list = split_bytes(value)
print("Bytes (little-endian order):")
for i, b in enumerate(bytes_list):
print(f"byte[{i}]: {b}")
print("\nBit representation:")
# Print full 32-bit value
print_bits("Full value", value, 32)
# Print each byte in binary
for i, b in enumerate(bytes_list):
print_bits(f"byte[{i}]", b, 8)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
"""
run:
Bytes (little-endian order):
byte[0]: 8
byte[1]: 84
byte[2]: 50
byte[3]: 0
Bit representation:
Full value (32 bits): 00000000001100100101010000001000
byte[0] (8 bits): 00001000
byte[1] (8 bits): 01010100
byte[2] (8 bits): 00110010
byte[3] (8 bits): 00000000
"""
