def print_bits(value: int, width: int) -> None:
print(f"{value:0{width}b}", end='')
def exact_bit_set(pos1: int, pos2: int, value: int) -> bool:
"""
Returns True only if:
• pos1 and pos2 are valid (>= 0, < 64, and not equal)
• value has EXACTLY those two bits set
• all other bits are OFF
Bit positions are ZERO‑BASED from the RIGHT (LSB = position 0).
"""
if pos1 < 0 or pos2 < 0 or pos1 >= 64 or pos2 >= 64:
return False
if pos1 == pos2:
return False
mask = (1 << pos1) | (1 << pos2)
return value == mask
class Test:
def __init__(self, value, x, y, width):
self.value = value
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
tests = [
Test(0b1000010000, 4, 9, 10),
Test(0b0010000010, 1, 7, 10),
Test(0b0000100100, 2, 5, 10),
Test(0b1000010000, 3, 9, 10),
Test(0b1001010000, 4, 9, 10),
Test(0b1111111111, 4, 9, 10),
Test(0b0000000000, 4, 9, 10),
Test(0b1000010000, 4, 8, 10),
Test(1, 0, 0, 1),
Test(1, 0, 1, 1),
Test(0, 1, 1, 1),
]
for t in tests:
print_bits(t.value, t.width)
print(f" bits({t.x}, {t.y}) -> {'true' if exact_bit_set(t.x, t.y, t.value) else 'false'}")
'''
run:
1000010000 bits(4, 9) -> true
0010000010 bits(1, 7) -> true
0000100100 bits(2, 5) -> true
1000010000 bits(3, 9) -> false
1001010000 bits(4, 9) -> false
1111111111 bits(4, 9) -> false
0000000000 bits(4, 9) -> false
1000010000 bits(4, 8) -> false
1 bits(0, 0) -> false
1 bits(0, 1) -> false
0 bits(1, 1) -> false
'''
