/**
* Swaps two characters in a [CharArray] in-place using the XOR swap algorithm.
*
* **Note:** This function demonstrates bitwise XOR swapping for educational purposes.
* In production Kotlin code, using a temporary variable or array destructuring
* is strongly preferred for clarity, readability, and optimizer performance.
*
* @param text The mutable array of characters containing elements to swap.
* @param left Zero-based index of the first character.
* @param right Zero-based index of the second character.
*/
fun xorSwapCharacters(text: CharArray, left: Int, right: Int) {
// Bounds checking and empty array validation
if (text.isEmpty() || left < 0 || left >= text.size || right < 0 || right >= text.size) {
return
}
// XOR swap fails if left == right because (x xor x) evaluates to 0
if (left == right) {
return
}
// Convert chars to UTF-16 code points, perform bitwise xor, and cast back to Char
text[left] = (text[left].code xor text[right].code).toChar()
text[right] = (text[right].code xor text[left].code).toChar()
text[left] = (text[left].code xor text[right].code).toChar()
}
fun main() {
val original = "hello"
val textArray = original.toCharArray()
println("Before: ${String(textArray)}")
xorSwapCharacters(textArray, 1, 4)
val result = String(textArray)
println("After: $result")
}
/*
run:
Before: hello
After: holle
*/
