# A function that converts an integer to a binary string with leading zeros.
# - num: The integer value to convert.
# - bits: The target bit width (e.g., 8, 16, 32) determining the leading zeros.
def int_to_binary(num, bits)
# The format specifier breakdown:
# - '0' specifies zero-padding instead of spaces
# - '*' dynamically takes the width argument (bits)
# - 'b' formats the integer as binary (base 2)
format("%0*b", bits, num)
end
# Complete program execution
if __FILE__ == $0
# Define the data provided
num = 153
# 1. Convert to an 8-bit binary representation (153 fits within 8 bits: 0 to 255)
bin_str_8 = int_to_binary(num, 8)
# 2. Convert to a 16-bit binary representation to demonstrate wider padding
bin_str_16 = int_to_binary(num, 16)
# Display the results
puts "Original Integer: #{num}"
puts "Binary (8-bit) : #{bin_str_8}"
puts "Binary (16-bit) : #{bin_str_16}"
end
# run:
#
# Original Integer: 153
# Binary (8-bit) : 10011001
# Binary (16-bit) : 0000000010011001
#
